Department of Geography, National P.G. College, Lucknow
(An Autonomous College of University of Lucknow )
Semester wise Syllabus for M.A., Semester - III, Class - M.A. Part II
(As recommended by Board of Study in Geography and Approved by Academic Council of the College)
Paper- I, Title – Regional Development & Multilevel Planning
MM.-80+20(Theory+ Internal Marks)
Unit-I
Concept of Planning; Types of Planning; Concept of Regional Planning; Region: Types of Region; Methods of Delineation of Different Types of Region.
Unit-II
Regional Planning Theories; Growth Pole Theory; Spatial Diffusion Theory; Cumulative- Causative Model; Human Development Index & its Indicators; Regional Disparity in India.
Unit-III
Planning Regions; Planning Regions of India (Macro, Meso & Micro); Planning for Command Area Development; Watershed Management; Drought Prone, Hill & Tribal Area Development.
Unit-IV
Concept of Multi-level Planning; Decentralised Planning; People Participation in Planning Process; Panchayati Raj System; Environmental Issues in Regional Planning; Planning for Sustainable Development.
Suggested Readings
1. Chitambar, J.B. 1993: Introductory Rural Sociology, Wiley Eastern, New Delhi
2. Goomen, M.A. and Datta, A. 1995 : Panchayats and their Finance, Rawat Pub. Co., New Delhi:
3. Matthews G. (editor) 1995 : Status of Panchayati Raj: 1994, Institute of Social Sciences / Rawat .
4. Matthews a. 1994: Panchayati Raj: From Legislation to Movements, Rawat Pub. Co., New Delhi:
5. Misra, H.M. (ed) 1987 : Contributions to Indian Geography, Volume 9:New Delhi.
6. De Blij, H.J. and Muller, P.O. 1997 : Geography: R.R.C, 8th edition, J. W. & S. Ltd., NewYork:
7. Dickinson, J., Gould, B., Clarke, C., Mather, S., Prothero, M., Siddle, D., Smith, C. and Thomas-Hope, E. 1996 : A Geography ofthe Third World, 2nd edition, Routledge, London :
8. Bhat, L.S. ( 1972): Regional Planning in India, Indian Statistical Institute, Calcutta.
9. Bhat, L.S. ( 2003): Micro Planning: A Case Study of Karnal Area, KB Publications, New Delhi.
10. Chand, M. and Puri, V.K. ( 2004): Regional planning in India; Allied Publishers, New Delhi,
11. Chandana, R. C. ( 2005): Regional Development and Planning. Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.
12. Dube, K.K. and Singh, M.B. (1986): Pradeshik Niyojan. Tara Book Agency, Varanasi.
13. Friedman, J.& Alonse, W.1968: Regional Development & Planning, M.I.T.Press, Cambridge-Massachusetts.
14. Kuklinski, A.R. (ed.) (1975): Regional Development & Planning: International Perspectives.
15. Kuklinski, A.R. (1972): Growth Centres in Regional Planning. Mounton and Company, Paris.
16. Mishra, R.P, Sundaram, K.V., and Prakasarao, V.L.S. (1976): Regional Development
Planning in India, Vikas Publishers., New Delhi.
17. Mishra, R.P. (1969): Regional Planning. University of Mysore, Mysore.
18. Mishra, R.P. (2002): Regional Planning, Concepts, Techniques, Policies and Case Studies.
Concept Publishing Company, New Delhi.
19. Sharma, P.R. (ed.) (1993): Regional Policies and Development in the Third World. Rishi Publication., Varanasi.
20. Sundaram, K.V. (1977): Urban and Regional Planning in India, Vikas Publishers. New Delhi.
21. Sundaram, K.V. (1997): Decentralized Multilevel Planning: Principles and Practice. Asian
and African Experience. Concept Publishing Company, New Delhi
Department of Geography, National P.G. College, Lucknow
(An Autonomous College of University of Lucknow )
Semester wise Syllabus for M.A., Semester - III, Class - M.A. Part II
(As recommended by Board of Study in Geography and Approved by Academic Council of the College)
Paper- II, Title – Global Environmental Issues - Pollution and Hazards
MM.-80+20(Theory+ Internal Marks)
Unit-I
Population Growth Technology & Environment; Rapid Urbanisation-Global Economic Pressures; Scarcity of Natural Resources; Global Resources Crisis; Hazard in the Environment: Concept of Hazard, Vulnerability & Disaster; Dimensions of Disaster; Risk Assessment & Causes; Effects & Loss Sharing Adjustments of Typical Hazards: A. Tectonic Hazards - Earthquake B. Geomorphological Hazards - Landslides & River Bank Erosion C. Hydrological Hazards - Flood And Drought. D. Bio-Physical Hazards – Epidemics. E- Technological Hazards - Industrial Accidents & Nuclear Radiation Leakage. F- Social Hazards - Poverty & Crime.
Unit -II
Global Concerns: Global Warming & its Various Implications; Acid Rain & Ozone Depletion; Non-Degradable Waste & its Disposal; Pollution: Air, Water, Land, Noise; Soil Degradation: Erosion, Salinisation, Alkalinisation; Desertification & Deforestation; Quarrying & Mining.
Unit - III
Pollution Control Strategies; Recycling, Renewable Energy Uses; Conservation of Biodiversity With Special Reference to India; Problems of Agricultural Development & Regeneration of Forest & Maintenance of Biodiversity -Wild, Aquatic & Agriculture.
Unit - IV
Environmental Policy; Legislation on Water, Air, Noise; Environmental Protection Act with Special Reference to Legislation in India; Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA); Environmental Management Planning (EMP).
Suggested Readings
1. Adams, W.M. 1995 : Green Development: Environmental Sustainability in the Third World, Rout1edge, London
2. Alexander, D. 1993: Natural Disasters, Research Press, New Delhi.
3. Allaby, M. 1996 : Basics of Environmental Science, Routledge, London.
4. Baarrsches, W.H. 1996 : Eco-facts and Eco-fiction: Understanding the Environmental Debate, Routledge, London.
5. Blaikie, P., Cannon, To Davis, I. and Wisener, 1994: At Risk: Natural Hazards, People's Vulnerability and Disasters, outledge,London:.
6. Bryant, E.A. 1991 : Natural Hazards, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge:
7. Canter, L. W. 1996 : Environmental Impact Assessment, 2nd edition, McGraw Hill, New York:
8. Chapman, D. 1.994: Natural Hazards, Oxford University Press, Melbourne:
9. Chapman J.L. and Reiss, M.J. 1993: Ecology: Principles and Applications, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge:
10. Chhatwal, G.R., Mensa, M.C., Satke, M., Katyal, T., Katyal, Mo, and Nagahiro, T. 1989 : Environmental Noise Pollution and itsControl, Anmol Pub. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
11. CoIls, J. 1997: Air Pollution: An Introduction, E & FN Spon / Chapman and Hall, London:
12. Dasgupta, P. and Mller, K.G. 1997 : The Environment and Emerging Development Issues, Volumes I and 2, Clarendon Press,Oxford:
13. Elsom, D.M. 1992 : Atmospheric Pollution: A Global Problem, 2nd edition, Blackwell Pub. Co., London:
14. Falconer, R.A. and Goodwin, P. (editor) 1994 : Wet and Management, Thomas Telford, London:
15. Farmer, A. 1997 : Managing Environmental Pollution, Routledge, London:
16. Gilpin, A. 1996 : Dictionary of Environment and Sustainable Development, John Wiley and Sons Ltd., Chichester: 1
17. Gilpin, A. 1997 : Environmental Impact Assessment: Culling Edge for the Twenty-first Century, Cambridge University Press,Cambridge
18. Goel, P.K. 1997: Water Pollution: Causes, Effects and Controls, New Age International (P) Ltd. Pub. New Delhi:
19. Goudie, A. 1986: The Human Impact on the Natural Environment, 2nd edition, Blackwell Pub. Co., London:
20. Marsh, W.M. and Grossa, J.M. 1996: Environmental Geography: Science, Landuse and Earth Systems, J. W. and Sons Inc.,New York:
21. Masters, G .M. 1991 : Introduction to Environmental Engineering and Sciences, Prentice Hall India Ltd. New Delhi:
22. Middleton N. 1995 : The Global Casino: An .Introduction to Environmental Issues, John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York
23. Park, C. 1998: The Environment: Principles and Applications, Routledge, London:
24. Pickering, K. and Owen, L.A. 1997 : An Introduction to Global Environmental Issues, 2nd edition, Routledge, London:
25. Prabhakar, V.R. 1998: Social and Community Forestry, indian Pub. Distrb., New Delhi:
26. Roberts, N. (editor) 1994: The Changing Global Environment, 3rd edition, Blackwell Pub. Co., London:
27. Singh, R.B. and Misra, S. 1996 : Environmental Laws in .India: .Issues and Responses, Rawat Pub., New Delhi:
28. Valancy, F. and Bronstein, D.A. 1995 : Environmental and Social .Impact Assessment, John Wiley and Sons inc., New ork:
29. Vogler, J. 1995 : The Global Commons : A Regime Analysis, John Wiley and Sons Ltd., Chichester:
30. Wall, D. 1994 : Green History: A Reader in Environmental literature, Philosophy and Politics, Routledge, London:
31. Wathern, P. (editor) 1988 : Environmental Impact Assessment: Theory and Practice, Routledge, London:
32. Whyte, ill. 1995 : Climate Change and Human Society, Arnold, London: 217p.
33. Woodward, F.I. 1992 : Global Climatic Change: The Ecological Consequences, Academic Press, London:
34. Hardoy, J .E Mittin, D. & Satterthwaite, D. 1992 : Environment Problems in the World Cities, Earthscan Pub. Ltd. London:
Department of Geography, National P.G. College, Lucknow
(An Autonomous College of University of Lucknow )
Semester wise Syllabus for M.A., Semester - III, Class - M.A. Part II
(As recommended by Board of Study in Geography and Approved by Academic Council of the College)
Paper- III, Title – Agricultural Geography
MM.-80+20(Theory+ Internal Marks)
Unit-I
Nature, Scope, Significance & Development of Agriculture Geography; Approaches to the study of Agriculture Geography; Methods & Types of Cultivation.
Unit-II
Determinants of Agricultural Land Use; Land Holding & Land Tenure Systems; Land Reforms; Intensity of Cropping; Diversification; Efficiency & Productivity; Crop Combination Regions of India.
Unit-III
Theories of Agricultural Location Based on Several Multi-Dimensional Factors; Von Thunes's Theory of Agricultural Location & its Recent Modifications; Whittlessey's Classification of Agriculture Regions; Land Use & Land Capability.
Unit-IV
Agriculture in India; Green Revolution; White Revolution; Food Deficit & Food Surplus Regions; Nutritional Index; Specific Problems in Indian Agriculture & their Management; Dry Land Agriculture; Agricultural Policy in India.
Suggested Readings:
1. Dumont, R.(1970): Types of Rural Economy: Studies in World Agriculture, Douglas Manin,
London Methuen
2. Gregor, H. P. (1970): Geography of Agriculture. Prentice-Hall, New York.
3. Husain, M. (1996): Systematic Agricultural Geography, Rawat Publications, Jaipur.
4. Mishra, R. P. (1967): Diffusion of Agricultural Innovations, University of Mysore, Mysore.
5. Mohammad, A.(1978): Studies in Agricultural Geography, Rajesh Publications, New Delhi
6. Morgan, W. B. and Norton, R.J.C. (1971): Agricultural Geography. Methuen, London.
7. Sauer, O. C. (1969): Agricultural Origins and Dispersals. MIT Press, Cambridge.
8. Shafi, M. (2006): Agricultural Geography, Pearson Education, New Delhi.
9. Sen, Sudhir (1975): Reaping the Green Revolution. Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi
10. Shafi, M.(2000): Agricultural Geography of South Asia, McMillan, Delhi
11. Singh, B.B. (1979) : Krishi Bhugol. Tara Publications, Varanasi.
12. Singh, J. and Dhillon, S.S. (2000): Agricultural Geography. Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi.
13. Singh, S. (1994): Agricultural Development in India: A Regional Analysis, Kaushal Publications, Shillong.
14. Symons, L. (1967): Agricultural Geography. George Bell and Sons, London.
15. Tarrant J. R. (1974): Agricultural Geography. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
16. Bayliss Smit, T. P.; The Ecology of Agricultural Systems, Combridge university Press, London, 1987 .
17. Berkry, B. J. L. et. all.; The Geographic of Economic Systems. Prentice Hall York, 1976.
18. Brown L. R .. ; The Changing World Food Prospects- The Nineties and Beyond Watch Institute,
WashingatonD. C., 1990.
19. Dyson, T.; Population and Food- Globai Trends and Future Prospects, Routledge, London, 1996.
20. Gregor, H. P. Geography of Agriculture, Prentice Hall, New Yark, 1970.
21. Grigg. D. B.; The Agricultural Systems of the World, Combridge, Univrsity Press, New York, 1974.
Department of Geography, National P.G. College, Lucknow
(An Autonomous College of University of Lucknow )
Semester wise Syllabus for M.A., Semester - III, Class - M.A. Part II
(As recommended by Board of Study in Geography and Approved by Academic Council of the College)
Paper- IV-A,(Optional) Title - Urban Geography
MM.-80+20(Theory+ Internal Marks)
Unit-I
Urban Geography: Meaning, Nature & Scope; Origin & Growth of Urban Settlements; Process of Urbanization; Classification of Urban Settlements.
Unit-II
Ecological Growth; Theories of Internal Structure of Cities; Concentric Zone Model, Sector Model, Multiple Nuclei Model; Functional Morphology; Urban Influences: Umland & Rural - Urban Fringes.
Unit-III
Study of Regional Urban Patterns; Central Place Theory of Christaller & Losch; Growth Pole Theory of Perroux; Urban Function: Basic & Non Basic Function; Metropolitan City & Changing Urban Function; Rank Size Rule; Primate City.
Unit-IV
Contemporary Urban Issues; Urban Poverty; Housing; Slum; Study & Preparation of Master Plan of Selected Cities
Suggested Readings:
1. Alam, S.M.: Hyderabad - Secunderabad Twin CitiesAsiaPublishingHouse. Bombay, 1964 .
2. Berry, BJ.L. and Horton F.F. Geographic Perspectives on Urban Systems. Prentice Hall, Englewood Clitts, new Jersey, 1970 .
3. Carter: The Study of urban Georphy, Edward Arnold Publishers, London, 1972 .
4. Dickinson, R.E.: City and Region, Routledge, London, 1964 .
5. Dwyer, D J. (ed.): The City as a Centre of Change inAsia, University of Hong Kong Press, Hongkong, 1971 .
6. Gibbs, J.P.: Urban Research Methods D.Van Nostrand Co. Inc. Princeton, New Jersey, 1961 .
7. Hall P.: Urban and REgional Planning, Routledge, London, 1992 .
8. Houser, Philip M. and Schnore Leo F. (ed.): The Study of Urbanization, Wiley, New York, 1965 .
9. James, P.e. and Jones c.F. (eds).: American Geogrpahy, Inventory and Prospect, Syracuse University Press, Syracuse, 1954
10. Kundu, A.: Urban Development and Urban Research in Ind ia: Khanna Pub lication, 1992 .
11. Mayer, H.M. Kohn C.F. (eds): Readings in Urban Geography, University of Chicago Press, Chicago .
12. Mumford, 1.: Culture of Cities, McMillan & Co., London, 1958 .
13. Nangia, Sudesh : Delhi Metropolitan Region: A Study in Settlement Geography, Rajesh Publication, 1976 .
14. Ramchandran. R., Urbanization and Urban system in India, New Delhi, Oxford Publication, 1988 .
15. Singh R. B., (ed.) Urban sustainable in the context of Global Change, oxfors & IBN Pub. New Delhi, 2000.
Department of Geography, National P.G. College, Lucknow
(An Autonomous College of University of Lucknow )
Semester wise Syllabus for M.A., Semester - III, Class - M.A. Part II
(As recommended by Board of Study in Geography and Approved by Academic Council of the College)
Paper- IV-B, (Optional) Title - COMPUTER APPLICATION IN GEOGRAPHY
MM.-80+20(Theory+ Internal Marks)
Unit-I
Computers: Definition, Characteristic; Hardware & Software; Number System; Operating Systems; Introduction to DOS, WINDOWS, WORD & EXCEL; Computer & Geographic Data: Scale of Measurement, Location Data, and Data Structure.
Unit-II
Computers in Cartography: Hardware and Software for Computer Mapping; Application of Computer Cartography; Simple Exercises for Representation of Geographic Data: Histogram, Bar Graphs, Line Graph, Multiple Line Graph, Scatter Diagram & Pie Diagram.
Unit-III
Computation of Central Tendency Value; Quartile; Standard Deviation; ‘r’ Value & Trend Line, with the help of Computers.
Unit-IV
Importance of Information Technology in Geographical Studies; Advantages of Internet, Browsing & Surfing the Geographical Sites; Web Pages; Portals & Down Loading Files.
Suggested Readings:
1. D.J.Unnwin & J.A. Dawson(1987): Computer Programming for Geographers, Longman,London.
2. Monmonier, M.S.(1982) : Computer Assisted cartography, Prentice Hall.
3. David J. Maguire (1989) : Computers in Geography, Longman scientific & Technical,London.
4. Paul M.mather (1993): Computer application in geography John Wiley & Sons, New York U.S.A.
5. Cole & King (1968): Quantitative Geography.
6. Hagget Peter (1990): Geography a modern synthesis Harper international, New York.
7. Hammond B.(1974) : Quantitative techniques in Geography, McCullagh Pclarendon press
Department of Geography, National P.G. College, Lucknow
(An Autonomous College of University of Lucknow )
Semester wise Syllabus for M.A., Semester - III, Class - M.A. Part II
(As recommended by Board of Study in Geography and Approved by Academic Council of the College)
Paper- V, Title – Practical Geography
MM.-80+20(Theory+ Internal Marks)
Unit-I
Frequency Distributions; Measures of Central Tendency: Mean, Median, Mode; Dispersion, Grouped and Ungrouped data, Standard Deviation.
Unit-II
Probability; Theory of Probability: Law of Addition & Multiplication; Sampling: Basic
Concept & Types; Sample Units & Design; Sampling Frame & Procedures; Standard
Error.
Unit-III
Correlation Analysis; Karl Pearson’s Product Moment & Spearman's Rank Correlation; Correlation Coefficient.
Unit-IV
Regression Analysis: Properties, Least Square Method; Chi-Square Test; Models Gravity, Potential etc.
Suggested Readings:
Department of Geography, National P.G. College, Lucknow
(An Autonomous College of University of Lucknow )
Semester wise Syllabus for M.A., Semester - IV, Class - M.A. Part II
(As recommended by Board of Study in Geography and Approved by Academic Council of the College)
Paper- I, Title – LANDUSE ANALYSIS & PLANNING
MM.-80+20(Theory+ Internal Marks)
Unit-I
Concept of Land & Land Use; Factors Governing Land Utilisation & Causing Changes in Land Use Pattern; Importance of Soil as Determinant of Land Use; Principles of Land Use: (After Graham, Lewis, Stamp & Others); Basic Principles of Land Use Planning; Land Reclamation: Land Use & Land in Areas Having Saline & Alkaline Soils (Case Studies of Gomti Basin & Sai River).
Unit-II
Types of Soil; Acidic Soils; Desert Soils & Mountain Soils with Special Reference to India; Ownership; Occupancy & Government Control on Landuse; Landuse & Govt. Policy Regarding Wetland, Urban Land, Industrial Areas; Mining & River Valley Planning; Concept of Wasteland & Objectives of National Wasteland Development Board (NWDB).
Unit-III
Objectives, Principles, Types & Methods of Land Use Survey; Environmental Impact of Land Use, Land Cover Changes; Impact of LUCC (Land Use Land Cover Change) in the Urban & Rural Sectors with Special Reference to Uttar Pradesh & Lucknow Region.
Unit-IV
Land Use Planning: Techniques & Methods; Land Use Planning in the Urban & Rural Sectors; Land Classification (USDA, UK, FAO & India); Land Use Planning in India: A Historical Overview.
Suggested Readings:
1. Chitambar, J.B. 1993: Introductory Rural Sociology, Wiley Eastern, New Delhi: pp
2. Goomen, M.A. and Datta, A. 1995 : Panchayats and their Finance, Rawat Pub. Co., New Delhi:
3. Institute of Social Sciences 1994: Decentralised Planning and Panchayati Raj, Rawat Pub. Co., New Delhi:
4. Mandal, R..B. 1'988 : Systems of Rural Settlements in Developing Counties, Concept Pub. Co., New Delhi:
5. Matthews G. (editor) 1995 : Status of Panchayati Raj: 1994, Institute of Social Sciences / Rawat Pub. Co.,
New Delhi:
6. Matthews a. 1994: Panchayati Raj: From Legislation to Movements, Rawat Pub. Co., New Delhi:
7. Misra, H.M. (ed) 1987 : Contributions to Indian Geography, Volume 9: Rural Geography, Heritage Pub., New Delhi.
8. De Blij, H.J. and Muller, P.O. 1997 : Geography: Realms Regions and Concepts, 8th edition, John Wiley and Sons Ltd., New York:
9. Dickinson, J., Gould, B., Clarke, C., Mather, S., Prothero, M., Siddle, D., Smith, C. and Thomas-Hope, E. 1996 : A Geography of the Third World, 2nd edition, Routledge, London
10. Singh, R.L. (editor) 1971 : India: A Regional Geography, National Geographical Society of India / UBS Pub. Distributors Ltd.,New Delhi
11. Spate, O.H.K. and Learmonth, A. T.A. 1967 : India and Pakistan, 3rd edition, Munshiram Monoharlal Pub. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi
Department of Geography, National P.G. College, Lucknow
(An Autonomous College of University of Lucknow )
Semester wise Syllabus for M.A., Semester - IV, Class - M.A. Part II
(As recommended by Board of Study in Geography and Approved by Academic Council of the College)
Paper- II, Title – Social and Cultural Geography
MM.-80+20(Theory+ Internal Marks)
Unit-I
Social Geography: Nature, Meaning & Development; Philosophical Bases of Social Geography (Positivism, Structuralism); Social Structure & Social Processes; Concept of Social Space.
Unit-II
Elements of Social Geography: Ethnicity, Tribe, Dialect, Language, Caste & Religion; Socio-Cultural Regions of India; Linguistic Elements in India.
Unit-III
Cultural Geography: Nature, Meaning & Development; Culture: Definition, Elements & Components; Culture Areas & Cultural Realm.
Unit-IV
Racial Elements in India's Population; Tribes of India (Jaunsar Babar, Bhil, Gond, Toda, Naga); Tribes of World (Eskimo, Pigmy, Bushman).
Suggested Readings:
1. Ahmad,Aijazuddin, Social Geography, RawatPublication, New Delhi, 1999 .
2. De Blij. B.d. Human Geography. John Wiley and Son, New York.
3. Dreze Jean, Amartya Sen, Economic Development and Social Opportunity, Oxford University press, New Delhi, 1996 .
4. Dubey, S.C.: Indian Society, National Book Trust, New Delhi, 1991.
5. Gregory, D. and UJ. Larry. (eds.) Social relations and Spatial Structures, McMillan, 1985
6. Haq, Mahbubul: Reflection on Human Development. Oxford University Press.New Delhi
7. Maloney, Clarence: People of South Asia, Winston, New York, 1974 .
8. Planning Commission, Government ofIndia: Report on Development of Tribal areas.1981
9. Rao, M.S.A.: Urban Sociology in India. Orient Longman, 1970 .
10. Schwartzberg Joseph: An Historical Atlas of South Asia. University of Chicago Press. Chicago, 1978 .
11. Sen, Amartya and Dreze Jean, Indian Development Selected Regional Perspectives. Oxford University Press, 1996 .
12. Smith, David: Geography: A Welfare Appraoch. Edward Arnold, London, 1977 .
13. Sopher, David: An Exploration ofIndia. Cornell University Press. 1980 .
14. Subba Rao. personality of India: Pre and Proto Historic Foundation of India and Pakistan, M.S. University, Baroda, Vadodara, 1958. .
Department of Geography, National P.G. College, Lucknow
(An Autonomous College of University of Lucknow )
Semester wise Syllabus for M.A., Semester - IV, Class - M.A. Part II
(As recommended by Board of Study in Geography and Approved by Academic Council of the College)
Paper- III, Title – Oceanography
MM.-80+20(Theory+ Internal Marks)
Unit-I
Basic Oceanography; Surface Bottom Relief: Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean & Indian Ocean.
Unit-II
Physical & Chemical Properties of Sea Water; Interlink Between Atmospheric Circulation & Circulation Patterns in the Oceans; Thermohaline, Waves & Tides.
Unit-III
Ocean Current: Cause, Types, Currents of Pacific, Atlantic & Indian Ocean; Effects of Ocean Currents; EI Nino La Nina & Southern Oscillation.
Unit-IV
Ocean Deposits: Types & Distribution; Coral Reefs & Atolls; Theories of their Formation & Coral Bleaching; Tsunami; Sea Level Changes: Causes, Evidence & Impact.
Suggested Readings:
1. Davis Richard J.A.: "Oceanography - An Introduction to the Marine Environment" Wm. C. Brown Lowa. 1986.
2. Duxbury"C.A. and Duxbury B.: An Introduction to the World's Oceans. C. Brown Lowa 2nd ed. 1996.
3. Garrison, T.: "Oceanography - An Introduction to Marine Science. Books/ Cole, Pacific Grove, USA, 2001.
4. Gross, M. Grant: Oceanography, A View of the Earth, Prentice Hall Inc. New Jersey, 1987.
5. King, C.A.M. Oceanography for Geographers, 1962.
6. Sharma, R.C. "The Oceans" Rajesh N. Delhi, 1985.
7. Singh, R.B. Natural Hazards and Disaster Management, Rawat Publication, Jaipur, 2006
8. Ummerkutty, A.N.P. Science of the Oceans and Human Life, NBT, New Delhi, 1985.
Department of Geography, National P.G. College, Lucknow
(An Autonomous College of University of Lucknow )
Semester wise Syllabus for M.A., Semester - IV, Class - M.A. Part II
(As recommended by Board of Study in Geography and Approved by Academic Council of the College)
Paper- IV, A (Optional) Title – Geography of Water Resources
MM.-80+20(Theory+ Internal Marks)
Unit-I
Geographical Importance of Water & Distribution of World's Water Resources (Surface & Subsurface); Hydrological Cycle; Precipitation; Potential Evapotranspiration & Interception Losses; Runoff.
Unit-II
Agricultural Use of Water; Soil Water; Crop Relationships; Water Balance & Drought; Water Harvesting Techniques; Soil Water Conservation; Water Logging; Salinity & Alkalinity of Soil; Over Exploitation of Ground Water; Water Quality Parameters & Water Pollution.
Unit-III
Industrial Use of Water: Demand for Water in the Industrial Sector of India; Municipal Use of Water: General Trends in Water Supply to the Urban & Rural Communities in India; Internal Navigation; Hydel Power & Recreation; Problems of Water Resource Management; Floods & Drought Management.
Unit-IV
Conservation & Planning for the Development of Water Resources; Social & Institutional Considerations; Integrated Basin Planning; Conjunctive Use of Surface & Ground Water Resources; Watershed Management; Inter-State River Water Disputes.
Suggested Readings:
1. Agarwal, Anil and Sunita Narain; Dying Wisdom: Rise, Fall and Potential ofIndia's Traditional Water Harvesting System.
2. Centre for Science and Environment, New Delhi. 1997 .
3. Govt. ofIndia, Ministry of Agriculture Report of the Irrigation Commission, Vol I to IV, New Delhi, 1972 .
4. Gulhati, N.D. Development ofInter-State Rivers: Law and Practice in India. Allied Pub., Bombay, 1972 .
5. International Water Resource Association and Central Board of Irrigation & Power: Water for Human Needs, Vols. I to V
6. Proceedings of the Second World Congress on Water Resources, 12-16 December, New Delhi, 1975 .
7. Krutilla, John V. and Eckstein, 0.: Multiple Purpose River Development: Studies in Applied Economic Analysis. John Hopkin's Press, Boston, 1958 .
8. Law. B.C. (ed.) Mountains and Rivers ofIndia IGU National Committee for Geography, Calcutta, 1968 .
9. Rao, L.K.: India's Water Wealth, Orient Longman, New Delhi, 1979 .
10. Kates R. W. and Burton, I. (ed.): Geography, Resources and Environment, Ottowa, 1980.
11. Tideman, E.M.: Watershed Management Guidelines for Indian Conditions, Omega, New Delhi, 1996 .
12. Todd,D.K.: Ground Water Hydrology, John Wiley, New York, 1959 .
13. U.S.D.A.: The Year Book of Agriculture: Water, Oxford and I.B.H. Publishing Co., New Delhi, 1955.
14. Verghese, B.G.: Water of Hope: Integrated Water Resource Development and Regional Cooperation within the Himalayan- Ganga-Brahmaputra-Barak Basin. Oxford.
Department of Geography, National P.G. College, Lucknow
(An Autonomous College of University of Lucknow )
Semester wise Syllabus for M.A., Semester - IV, Class - M.A. Part II
(As recommended by Board of Study in Geography and Approved by Academic Council of the College)
Paper- IV, B (Optional) Title – MEDICAL GEOGRAPHY
MM.-80+20(Theory+ Internal Marks)
Unit-I
Medical Geography: Nature, Scope & Significance; Environmental Influence on Health; Relationship Between Socio–Cultural Factors & Health.
Unit-II
Human Health in India; Indicators of Health; Changes in Birth, Death Rates & Infant Mortality Rates; Life Expectancy; Changes in Sex Ratio; Literacy & Population Growth; Population Control; Nutrition: Mal & Under Nutrition – Causes & Consequences.
Unit-III
Disease Classification & Distribution: T.B., Cancer, Leprosy, Pneumonia, Aids, Cholera; Cholera Disease Diffusion Model.
Unit-IV
Development of Health Care System in India with Special Reference to Uttar Pradesh; Study of Present Health Care Systems; Deficiencies & Problems of Efficiency Enhancement; Health Care Problems in India: Urban & Rural Differences with Special Reference to Uttar Pradesh.
Suggested Readings:
1. Woods E.J. (1983): Social Geography of Medicine & health, CroonHelm London.
2. Learmonth ATA (1978): Patterns of Disease & Hunger, V Parid Chorles, London.
3. Hussain Majid (1994): Medical Geography, Anmol pub. New Delhi.
4. McGlashan N.D.(1972)Medical Geography, Methen, London.
5. McGlashan N.D. & B'unden Y.R. (1983): Geographical Aspects of health Academic press, London.
6. Philips D.R.(1981): Contemprary issues in Geography of health Case - GeoBooks,
Norwick.
7. Pyle G.F. (1979): Applied Medical Geography John wifey washington.
8. Shannon G.W. & Dever G.E.A.(1974): Health care Delivery McGraw Hill New York.
Department of Geography, National P.G. College, Lucknow
(An Autonomous College of University of Lucknow )
Semester wise Syllabus for M.A., Semester - IV, Class - M.A. Part II
(As recommended by Board of Study in Geography and Approved by Academic Council of the College)
Paper- V, Title – PRACTICAL: INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH METHODS AND TECHNIQUES
MM.-80+20(Theory+ Internal Marks)
(A). Introduction to Research Methodology
Unit-I
Framework o Research. Concept & Significance of Research in Geography; Philosophy & Methods: Empiricism, Positivism, Behaviorism.
Unit-II
Planning Research & Data Generation; Primary & Secondary Data; Data Collection & Arrangement; Research Design; Participatory Research; Framing Pilot & Research Project; Making Survey-Questionnaire.
Unit-III
Theories & Techniques; Model Making; Application of System Theory; Application & Relevance of Statistical & Cartographic Techniques; Application of Computer & GIS.
Unit-IV
Analysis, Writing & Dissemination; Production & Arrangement of Data; Analysis of Data & Maps; Quantitative & Qualitative Interpretations; Writing Manuals (Arranging Themes, Maintaining Coherence, Cross-Comparison, Concluding, Referencing, Noting); Proof Marks & Marked Proof; Writing A Research Paper/ Report, Dissertation.
(B). Project Report /Dissertation.
Suggested Readings:
1. Ahuja, R. (2001): Research Methods, Rawat Publications, Jaipur and New Delhi.
2. Bhattacharyya, D. K. (2005): Research Methodology, Excel Books, New Delhi
3. Blackburn, J. and Holland, J. (eds.) (1998): Who Changes? Institutionalising Participation in Development. IT Publications, London.
4. Blaxter, L., Hughes, C. and Tight, M. (1996): How to Research. Open University Press, Buckingham.
5. Crang, Mike (1999): Cultural Geography. Routledge, London.
6. Daniels, P., Bradshaw, M., et al. (2000): Human Geography: Issues for the 21st Century.Prentice Hall, London, and Pearson Publishers., Singapore. Indian reprint, 2003.
7. Denzin, N. K. and Lincoln, Y.S., (eds.) (2000): Handbook of Qualitative Research.Thousand Oaks CA. Sage Publications.
8. Dikshit, R. D. (2003): The Art and Science of Geography: Integrated Readings. Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi.
9. Dorling, D. and Simpson, L. (eds.) (1999): Statistics in Society. Edward Arnold, London.
10. Fisher, P. and Unwin, D., (eds.) (2002): Virtual Reality in Geography. Taylor and Francis, London.
11. Flowerdew, R. & Martin, D.(1997): Methods in Human Geography. A Guide for Students Doing a Research Project. Longman, Harlow.
12. Hay, I. (ed.) (2000): Qualitative Research Methods in Human Geography. Oxford University Press, New York.
13. Henn, M., Mark W. and Nick F. (2006): A Short Introduction to Social Research, Vistaar Publications, New Delhi
14. Eyles J. and Smith D. M. (1988): Qualitative Methods in Human Geography, Polity Press, Dales Brewering Cambridge.
15. Kitchin, R. and Tate, N. (2001): Conducting Research into Human Geography. Theory, Methodology and PHI London.
16. Kitchin, R. and Fuller, D., (2003): The Academic’s Guide to Publishing, Vistaar Publications, New Delhi
17. Limb, M. (2001): Qualitative Methodologies for Geographers. Issue and Debates. Edward Arnold, London.
18. Lofland, J. & Lofland, L.H. (1995): Analysing Social Setting. A Guide to Qualitative Observation and Analysis. W. Belmont,
19. Longley, P., Goodchild, M.F., Maguire, D. and Rhind, D. (1999): Geographic Information Systems. Principles, Techniques, Management, Applications. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
20. Maso, I., Atkinson, P.A. Delamont, S. and Verhoeven, J.C. (eds.) (1995): Openness in Research. The Tension between Self and Other. Van Gorcum, Assen, Netherlands.
21. David Unwin, Introductory Spatial Analysis. Methuen, London, 1981.
22. Gregory, S. Statistical methods and the Geographer, London, 1978.
23. Hammond R. and P.s. McCullagh Quantitative Techniques in Geogrpahy: An Introduction, Clarendan Press, Oxford, 1974 .
24. John P. Cole and Cuchlaine A.M. King, Quantittive Geography, John wiley, London, 1968
25. Johnston RJ., Multivariate Statistical Analysis in Geogrpahy, Longman, London, 1973 .
26. Koutsoyiannis, Theory of Econometrics, McMillan, LondonA bɉUHň9PIu"emTxqsE9
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